Wineries are busy, and no time is busier than harvest. A typical year is always a scramble, but labor shortages, pandemic restrictions, wildfires, and climate change forcing an early crush can accelerate that into a mad dash. As a result, any way to save time is appreciated. One shortcut some...

Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is a secondary bacterial fermentation that converts malic acid into lactic acid in wine. It is a common step in winemaking and is necessary for some wine styles. This process creates aroma and flavor compounds and reduces the acidity of the wine, which increases the...